中共迫害纪实Documented Persecution Under CCP Tyranny
阿旺桑珍Ngawang Sangdrol
噶如尼庵尼姑阿旺桑珍：13岁被无指控关押9个月，15岁以反革命宣传煽动罪判刑3年；1993年与13名尼姑在扎什监狱偷录歌颂西藏的磁带，被加刑6年，此后又两度加刑，纸面总刑23年、本人与国际特赦称21年（两说并存，本站逐项清算）；2002年10月17日提前9年假释，时在江泽民—布什牧场会晤前8天。Garu nun Ngawang Sangdrol was held without charge for nine months at 13 and sentenced at 15 to three years for counterrevolutionary propaganda. In 1993 she and 13 other nuns secretly recorded freedom songs in Drapchi Prison and won six more years; two further extensions followed — a paper total of 23 years, or 21 in her own testimony and Amnesty's count (both stand, audited on the page). She was paroled nine years early on 17 October 2002, eight days before the Jiang–Bush ranch summit.
国际特赦组织良心犯记录 · 国际声援西藏运动档案Amnesty International prisoner-of-conscience record · ICT file崔泰Cui Tai
河北宣化地下天主教会主教崔泰，圣座任命、中国政府从不承认；因拒绝加入爱国会，1993年起被反复拘留劳教，2007年起近乎不间断被关押，只能在春节中秋回家几天；2013年祝圣为助理主教，2018年继任正权主教却从未就职；2021年4月最后一次被带走后失踪至今。2025年圣座撤销宣化教区，公告未提他的名字。Bishop Augustine Cui Tai of Xuanhua, Hebei — appointed by the Holy See and never recognized by Beijing — has been detained, sent to forced labour and held almost without interruption since 2007 for refusing to join the Patriotic Association, allowed home only for a few days at the New Year and Mid-Autumn festivals. Ordained coadjutor bishop in 2013, he succeeded as ordinary bishop in 2018 but has never been free to take up his see. Seized for the last time in April 2021, he has been disappeared ever since. When the Holy See suppressed his diocese in 2025, its announcement did not mention his name.
哈德逊研究所宗教自由档案 · 美国国际宗教自由委员会受害者名单Hudson Institute religious-freedom file · USCIRF FoRB victims list班禅喇嘛根敦确吉尼玛失踪案The Disappearance of the Panchen Lama
6岁的十一世班禅被当局带走后下落不明31年，官方称其"过着正常生活"，联合国认定构成强迫失踪。The six-year-old 11th Panchen Lama was taken by authorities and never seen again in 31 years; Beijing says he "lives a normal life" while the UN finds enforced disappearance.
📹 国际声援西藏网络寻人短片 · 联合国专家函件📹 ITN campaign film · UN experts' letters哈达Hada
南蒙古民主联盟创始人，15年刑满后又遭4年法外羁押，2025年病危送医后失联至今。Founder of the Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance; after serving 15 years he faced 4 more years of extrajudicial detention, and has been missing since a critical hospitalization in 2025.
📹 30年遭遇讲述视频 · 国际特赦"良心犯"认定📹 30-year ordeal video · Amnesty "prisoner of conscience" designation地下天主教会：苏志民主教失踪案Underground Catholic Church: The Disappearance of Bishop Su Zhimin
保定教区苏志民主教1997年10月8日被带走后下落不明近29年，2003年在医院被偶然发现后再次消失，是全球在任主教被强迫失踪最久的案例。Bishop Su Zhimin of Baoding was taken away on Oct 8, 1997 and missing nearly 29 years, spotted only once in a hospital in 2003 — the longest enforced disappearance of a sitting Catholic bishop worldwide.
📹 听证会/纪录片📹 Hearing/documentary苏志民James Su Zhimin
保定地下主教苏志民只因拒绝加入爱国会、坚持与教廷共融，就从1956年起被抓了放、放了抓三十余年；1997年10月8日最后一次被带走后彻底消失，没有罪名、没有审判、没有死亡通知，家人二十九年只问一个问题：人在哪里。Baoding's underground Bishop Su Zhimin spent more than 30 years in and out of prisons and labour camps from 1956 for one refusal — he would not join the Patriotic Association or break with Rome. Taken away for the last time on 8 October 1997, he vanished entirely: no charge, no trial, no death notice. For 29 years his family has asked a single question: where is he?
USCIRF宗教良心犯档案 · 美国国会兰托斯人权委员会听证USCIRF prisoner-of-conscience file · Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission hearing丹增德勒仁波切Tenzin Delek Rinpoche
丹增德勒仁波切是四川理塘、雅江一带最受尊敬的藏族活佛，办学校、办诊所、护森林、挡采矿，得罪了地方官府。2002年成都天府广场爆炸四天后他被抓走，一场秘密审判把他判了死缓——指证他的唯一口供来自同案的洛桑登珠，而洛桑登珠当庭翻供、随后被迅速处决。他在狱中十三年只见过家人七次，保外就医申请无人答复，2015年死在监狱里；遗体未经尸检被强行火化，骨灰交给家属当夜又被武装人员夺走，下落至今不明。Tenzin Delek Rinpoche was the most respected Tibetan lama in Lithang and Nyagchuka, Sichuan — a builder of schools and clinics who defended forests and blocked mining, and made enemies of local officials. Four days after the April 2002 Tianfu Square bombing in Chengdu he was arrested, and a secret trial sentenced him to death on the word of one confession: that of his co-defendant Lobsang Dhondup, who recanted it in court and was swiftly executed. In thirteen years in prison he was allowed seven family visits; his medical-parole application was never answered; he died in custody in July 2015. His body was cremated without an autopsy against his family's wishes, and the ashes handed to his relatives were seized at gunpoint the same night. They have never been accounted for.
人权观察声明 · 自由西藏运动档案Human Rights Watch statements · Free Tibet campaign files法轮功镇压：高蓉蓉案Falun Gong Persecution: The Case of Gao Rongrong
沈阳会计高蓉蓉2004年在龙山劳教院遭电棍毁容，2005年6月16日死于羁押中，年37岁；国际特赦要求全面调查，官方至今无回应。Shenyang accountant Gao Rongrong was disfigured by electric batons at Longshan labor camp in 2004 and died in custody on Jun 16, 2005, aged 37; Amnesty called for a full investigation that never came.
📹 毁容影像记录📹 Disfigurement footage王炳章Wang Bingzhang
海外民运开创者王炳章是公派留学生里最早拿到北美博士的人，1982年却弃医办《中国之春》、建民联，被注销国籍也不回头。2002年6月27日他在越南芒街被带走，一周后出现在广西一座庙里成了公安口中的绑架受害者，关了五个多月才被正式逮捕，深圳法院半天闭门审判就以间谍与恐怖罪名判他无期；联合国认定任意拘留、美国国会决议要求放人，他仍被单独关押二十三年，多次中风，七十八岁还在韶关监狱。Wang Bingzhang, a founder of the overseas Chinese democracy movement, was among the first state-sponsored students to earn a North American doctorate — and in 1982 he gave up medicine to found China Spring and the Chinese Alliance for Democracy, undeterred even by the revocation of his citizenship. Seized in Mong Cai, Vietnam, on 27 June 2002, he surfaced a week later in a Guangxi temple as, in the police account, a rescued kidnapping victim; held five months before any formal arrest, he was given a half-day closed trial in Shenzhen and a life sentence for espionage and terrorism. The UN has declared his detention arbitrary and the US Congress has demanded his release, yet he remains in solitary confinement after 23 years, weakened by repeated strokes, aged 78, in Shaoguan Prison.
联合国任意拘留问题工作组意见 · 美国国会兰托斯人权委员会档案UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention opinion · Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission file努尔麦麦提·亚辛Nurmemet Yasin
维吾尔诗人努尔麦麦提·亚辛的部分作品曾收入中学课本；2004年11月寓言小说《野鸽子》发表后，他于11月29日被捕，2005年2月在无律师的闭门审判中以煽动分裂国家罪被判十年，发表小说的编辑被判三年；刑期2014年11月29日名义届满却无获释确认，死讯传闻未获证实、遭家属反驳，至今生死下落不明。Uyghur poet Nurmemet Yasin, some of whose work was in middle-school textbooks, was arrested on 29 November 2004 after his allegorical story "Wild Pigeon" was published, and in February 2005, after a closed trial without a lawyer, was sentenced to ten years for inciting separatism; the editor who published the story received three years. His sentence nominally expired on 29 November 2014 with no confirmed release, the reports of his death remain unconfirmed and were disputed by his family, and his fate is still unknown.
美国笔会记录 · 国际笔会作家入狱委员会档案PEN America record · PEN International Writers in Prison file陈光诚Chen Guangcheng
山东盲人「赤脚律师」陈光诚自学法律替乡亲维权，2005年揭露临沂暴力计生后，先被软禁、失踪，再以与计生毫不相干的罪名判刑四年三个月；刑满又遭十九个月法外软禁，全家被围、妻子被打、侄子被判同等刑期。2012年4月他翻墙逃出东师古，走进美国大使馆，最终携妻儿赴美。Blind, self-taught 'barefoot lawyer' Chen Guangcheng exposed Linyi's violent one-child enforcement in 2005 — and was soft-detained, disappeared, and jailed for four years and three months on charges with nothing to do with family planning. After serving every day he got 19 more months of extralegal house arrest: his wife beaten, his village sealed, his nephew later given the identical sentence. In April 2012 he climbed his own wall, reached the US Embassy, and left China with his family.
人权观察案件年表 · 美国国会研究服务处报告Human Rights Watch case chronology · US Congressional Research Service report杨天水Yang Tianshui
作家杨天水（本名杨同彦），独立中文笔会会员：1990年以反革命罪名入狱十年，出狱五年后再于2005年12月在南京被便衣带走，2006年5月16日被江苏镇江中院以颠覆国家政权罪判十二年；2017年8月确诊脑瘤后第三次申请方获保外就医，出国治疗被拒，11月7日在上海病逝，终年56岁，距刘晓波之死不到四个月。Writer Yang Tianshui (real name Yang Tongyan), a member of the Independent Chinese PEN Center, served ten years from 1990 on counter-revolution charges, then was seized again in Nanjing in December 2005 and sentenced on 16 May 2006 by the Zhenjiang Intermediate People's Court in Jiangsu to twelve years for subversion of state power. Diagnosed with a brain tumour in August 2017, he was granted medical parole only on his family's third application, was refused treatment abroad, and died in Shanghai on 7 November 2017, aged 56 — less than four months after Liu Xiaobo.
美国笔会记录 · 国际特赦组织声明PEN America record · Amnesty International statement活摘器官专题档案Forced Organ Harvesting: A Dossier
从官方自认的死囚器官、被同行评审质疑的捐献数据，到中国法院判过的怀远非法摘取案与没有立法的脑死亡标准——本站把二十年材料按法庭、学术、媒体、未证指控四级分开陈列，硬的写硬，虚的标虚。From officially admitted prisoner organs and peer-reviewed challenges to the donation data, to the court-judged Huaiyuan organ-theft case and a brain-death standard with no statute behind it — twenty years of material graded in four tiers: court, scholarship, media, and unverified claim.
证据分级档案 · 法庭裁决／学术论文／法院判决Evidence-graded dossier · Tribunal ruling / peer-reviewed studies / court judgment阿里木江·依米提Alimujiang Yimiti
喀什维吾尔族基督徒阿里木江·依米提，只因和一位美国熟人谈了谈自己被民宗局约谈的经历，就被以向境外提供绝密级国家秘密判刑十五年，一审法庭自己都说过证据不足；服满十五年后于2023年获释，此后近况无公开记录。Kashgar Uyghur Christian Alimujiang Yimiti was given 15 years for 'providing top secrets overseas' — the 'secret' being his own religious-affairs interrogation, discussed with an American acquaintance — after a court had itself first found the evidence insufficient. Released on completion of his sentence in 2023, he has since vanished from the public record.
联合国任意拘留问题工作组第29/2008号意见 · USCIRF宗教良心犯档案UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention Opinion 29/2008 · USCIRF prisoner-of-conscience file拉萨"3·14"事件Lhasa "March 14" Incident
僧人游行演变为街头纵火，武警清场后全城搜捕；死亡人数官方称19人、藏方称上百，至今无法独立核实。A monks' march turned into street arson, followed by an armed clearing and citywide dragnet; the death toll — 19 per Beijing, hundreds per Tibetan sources — remains unverifiable.
📹 流亡政府提供镇压画面 · ICT僧人证词📹 Exile-government footage · ICT monk testimony当知项欠Dhondup Wangchen
一个藏族农民的儿子拿起摄像机，让108个普通藏人自己说心里话，就成了煽动分裂国家的罪人：秘密审判六年，律师被逼退，上诉期被耗尽，狱中染上乙肝，出狱再监控三年半，最后只能在圣诞节逃到旧金山与妻儿团聚。A Tibetan farmer's son picked up a camera and let 108 ordinary Tibetans say what they thought — and became a separatist criminal: a secret trial, six years, his lawyer driven off, his appeal deadline consumed, hepatitis B in prison, three more years of surveillance after release, and in the end a Christmas Day escape to his family in San Francisco.
国际特赦与保护记者委员会档案 · 美国国会行政当局中国委员会证词Amnesty International and CPJ files · CECC testimony衮却才培Kunchok Tsephel
藏族作家、第一家藏文文学网站「琼迈」创办人，2009年2月26日被抄家带走、隔离关押九个月，甘南州中院闭门以「披露国家秘密」判刑十五年——所谓秘密的内容官方至今从未说明。2022年3月18日提前约两年获释，实际服刑十三年；探视每两个月三十分钟、只准说汉语，母亲隔着玻璃无法用藏语与儿子说话。Tibetan writer and co-founder of Chomei, the first Tibetan literary website, seized in a home raid on 26 February 2009, held incommunicado for nine months, and sentenced in a closed hearing by the Kanlho court to 15 years for 'disclosing state secrets' — secrets the authorities have never identified to this day. He was released on 18 March 2022, about two years early, after thirteen years served; prison visits were thirty minutes every two months, in Chinese only, leaving his mother unable to speak to her son in Tibetan across the glass.
国际笔会档案 · 藏人人权与民主中心记录PEN International file · TCHRD record金天明与守望教会Jin Tianming & the Shouwang Church
守望教会把每一条合法的路都走了一遍：申请登记被拒，复议被维持，2700万元买的房拿不到钥匙。最后它的创办人金天明没等来任何判决，只等来家门口九年半的三班警察。Shouwang Church walked every legal road there was: registration refused, appeal upheld against it, a 27-million-yuan purchase it was never allowed to enter. In the end its founder Jin Tianming received no judgment at all — only three shifts of police at his front door for nine and a half years.
守望教会同期公告 · 美国国会行政当局中国委员会专题分析Shouwang Church contemporaneous statements · CECC analysis马达钦Thaddeus Ma Daqin
马达钦是罕见的同时得到教廷与北京批准的上海主教。他在2012年7月7日自己的祝圣弥撒上只说了一句不再方便担任爱国会职务，一千多名教友鼓掌，当晚他就被带往佘山修院——没有罪名、没有审判、没有期限，一关十三年，至今仍在那里。Ma Daqin was that rarity: a Bishop of Shanghai approved by both the Holy See and Beijing. At his own consecration Mass on 7 July 2012 he said one courteous sentence — that it was no longer convenient for him to be a member of the Patriotic Association — to the applause of over a thousand faithful. That evening he was taken to Sheshan Seminary: no charge, no trial, no term. Thirteen years later he is still there.
天亚社与亚洲新闻社连续报道 · 教廷公开声明UCA News and AsiaNews reporting · Holy See statements贡却津巴Kunchok Jinpa
比如县导游，因传递采矿与升旗抗议信息被以泄露国家秘密判21年，家属七年不知下落，2021年2月6日死于拉萨医院，终年51岁。Driru tour guide sentenced to 21 years for leaking state secrets after sharing news of mining and flag protests; his family heard nothing for seven years, and he died in a Lhasa hospital on 6 February 2021, aged 51.
藏人人权与民主中心记录 · 自由亚洲电台报道TCHRD record · Radio Free Asia reporting张少杰与南乐教会Zhang Shaojie & the Nanle Church
南乐县三自教会牧师张少杰因教会土地纠纷带会众进京上访，被以诈骗和聚众扰乱社会秩序重判十二年，2025年11月16日刑满释放；长女逃亡美国，妹妹坐牢，教会建堂款被划走。Nanle Three-Self pastor Zhang Shaojie was sentenced to twelve years for fraud and gathering a crowd after leading his church's petitioning over a land dispute; he was released on 16 November 2025, his daughter having fled to the US, his sister jailed and the church building fund seized.
USCIRF宗教良心犯档案 · 美国国务院国际宗教自由报告USCIRF Religious Prisoners of Conscience list · US State Department religious-freedom reports浙江拆十字架运动Zhejiang Cross-Removal Campaign
2014至2016年浙江以"三改一拆"名义拆除1200–1700个教堂十字架，温州三江教堂2014年4月28日被整体强拆，张凯律师、黄益梓牧师被捕判刑。From 2014 to 2016, Zhejiang removed 1,200–1,700 church crosses under the "Three Rectifications and One Demolition" banner; Wenzhou's Sanjiang Church was wholly demolished on Apr 28, 2014; lawyer Zhang Kai and Pastor Huang Yizi were detained and sentenced.
📹 自由亚洲电台实拍📹 RFA footage伊力哈木·土赫提Ilham Tohti
主张对话的维吾尔族温和派学者以"分裂国家罪"被判无期，2019年获萨哈罗夫奖；自2017年起家人被禁止探视。A moderate Uyghur scholar advocating dialogue got life for "separatism" and the 2019 Sakharov Prize; his family has been barred from visits since 2017.
📹 欧洲议会官方萨哈罗夫奖短片 · 联合国任意拘留认定📹 EP official Sakharov film · UN arbitrary-detention finding浦志强Pu Zhiqiang
浦志强是中国最知名的言论自由律师。2014年5月3日他参加了一场在私人住宅里举行的六四研讨会，第二天深夜被抓，关了十九个月。最后定他罪的不是研讨会，而是从他三年微博里挑出的七条、合计约六百字。判三缓三放出来，四个月后律师证被吊销——缓刑管住他的嘴三年，吊照管住他的职业一辈子。Pu Zhiqiang was China's best-known free-speech lawyer. On 3 May 2014 he attended a June Fourth seminar in a private home; police took him the next night and held him for 19 months. In the end he was convicted not for the seminar but for seven Weibo posts — some 600 characters picked from three years of writing. He walked out on a suspended sentence, and four months later his licence was revoked: probation silenced him for three years, disbarment for the rest of his professional life.
国际特赦紧急行动档案 · 人权观察案件记录Amnesty International Urgent Action file · Human Rights Watch case record陈树庆Chen Shuqing
陈树庆是中国民主党浙江委员会核心成员、异议作家。2005年他通过司法考试，却因民主党身份被拒发律师证；2007年被杭州中院以煽动颠覆国家政权罪判刑四年，2016年又以颠覆国家政权罪判刑十年六个月——判决书援引的证据，是他在博讯、参与发表的十四篇文章。十四年半刑满出狱后，他六十岁办退休，二十四年四个月的社保缴费被按两次刑期扣得只剩九年十个月，退休资格被拒。Chen Shuqing is a dissident writer and a core member of the China Democracy Party's Zhejiang Committee. In 2005 he passed the judicial examination but was refused a lawyer's licence because of his party membership. In 2007 a Hangzhou court gave him four years for 'inciting subversion'; in 2016 it gave him ten years and six months for 'subversion of state power' — the judgment's cited evidence being 14 articles he had published on Boxun and Canyu. After serving all fourteen and a half years, he applied for his pension at sixty: of 24 years and 4 months of contributions, his two prison terms were deducted and only 9 years and 10 months left standing, and retirement was refused.
保护记者委员会声明 · 中国人权捍卫者档案CPJ statement · CHRD case file秦永敏Qin Yongmin
秦永敏是民主墙一代的武汉工人，编《钟声》、起草《和平宪章》、公开组建中国民主党、办「中国人权观察」——四十多年只做写文章和组织人吃饭讨论这几件事，没有一桩暴力。他为此在2015年前已经坐满二十二年牢，2015年行政拘留期满当天又被带走失踪七十天，2018年被武汉中院以颠覆国家政权罪再判十三年；妻子赵素利没被控任何罪，也被消失了三年。Qin Yongmin is a Wuhan steelworker of the Democracy Wall generation who edited The Bell, drafted the Peace Charter, openly co-founded the China Democracy Party and ran China Human Rights Watch — forty years of nothing but writing and gathering people to talk, never a single act of violence. For that he had already served a full twenty-two years before 2015; seized again that January on the day an administrative detention expired and disappeared for seventy days, he was sentenced by the Wuhan court in 2018 to a further thirteen years for subversion. His wife Zhao Suli, never charged with anything, was disappeared for three years as well.
联合国任意拘留工作组第20/2019号意见 · 人权观察声明UN Working Group Opinion No. 20/2019 · Human Rights Watch statements胡石根Hu Shigen
胡石根这一生被关了约24年。1994年，他因组建中国自由民主党和自由工会筹备委员会、计划纪念六四，被以反革命罪判刑20年——罪名1997年就被废止，他又坐了11年。2015年709大抓捕中，这位北京家庭教会长老在去教会的路上失联；2016年天津法院以颠覆国家政权罪判他7年6个月，案卷里有一张他受洗的照片。2023年3月26日他刑满回家，68岁，此后再无公开消息。Hu Shigen has spent some 24 years of his life in prison. In 1994 he was sentenced to 20 years on "counterrevolutionary" charges for founding the China Free Democratic Party and a free union preparatory body and planning to commemorate June Fourth — the offences were abolished in 1997, yet he served 11 more years. In the 709 crackdown of 2015 the Beijing house-church elder disappeared on his way to church; in 2016 a Tianjin court gave him seven and a half years for subversion, with a photograph of his own baptism in the evidence. He came home on 26 March 2023, aged 68, and has not been heard from publicly since.
联合国任意拘留工作组意见 · 美国国际宗教自由委员会档案UN Working Group opinion · USCIRF prisoner file张海涛Zhang Haitao
河南籍新疆维权人士，2015年在乌鲁木齐家中被带走；接受境外媒体采访、转发评论新疆民族冲突网文，被以煽动颠覆与为境外刺探提供情报两罪并罚十九年，沙雅监狱服刑至今，家属会见曾被拒近五年。A Henan-born rights activist based in Xinjiang, seized at his Urumqi home in 2015; for interviews with overseas media and for reposting and commenting on articles about ethnic conflict in Xinjiang he received a combined nineteen years for inciting subversion and providing intelligence abroad, and remains in Shaya Prison, where family visits were refused for nearly five years.
中国人权捍卫者网络档案 · 国际特赦组织记录CHRD file · Amnesty International record周世锋Zhou Shifeng
锋锐律师事务所主任周世锋：曾获评北京市优秀律师，2015年7月10日709大抓捕中在酒店房间被带走，电视认罪后于2016年8月4日以颠覆国家政权罪被判七年，家属被拒绝旁听与自选律师，2022年9月刑满获释（22日与24日两说并存）。Fengrui Law Firm director Zhou Shifeng, once named a Beijing Outstanding Lawyer, was seized from a hotel room in the 709 Crackdown on 10 July 2015. After a televised confession he was sentenced on 4 August 2016 to seven years for subversion of state power, with his family barred from the trial and from choosing his lawyers. He was released in September 2022 (22 or 24 September; both accounts stand).
国际特赦组织记录 · 中国人权捍卫者网络档案Amnesty International record · CHRD file李和平Li Heping
北京人权律师，709中被秘密关押近两年，据其自述遭强迫服药、连环铐具与电击；2017年秘密审判以颠覆罪判三年缓刑四年，2018年被吊证，此后全家长期受监控、逼迁与出境禁令困扰。Beijing human rights lawyer secretly detained for nearly two years in the 709 crackdown who, on his own account, was forcibly medicated, shackled hand-to-foot and given electric shocks; convicted of subversion in a secret trial in 2017 with a three-year sentence suspended for four years, disbarred in 2018, and kept under surveillance, eviction pressure and exit bans with his family ever since.
人权观察 · 联合国特别程序来文档案Human Rights Watch reporting · UN Special Procedures communications谢阳Xie Yang
湖南人权律师，709大抓捕中被秘密关押并揭露酷刑，2017年定罪免刑、2020年被吊证；因声援李田田2022年再被抓，2026年以微信发帖被判五年。Hunan human rights lawyer seized in the 709 crackdown who exposed his torture from detention; convicted with exemption in 2017 and disbarred in 2020, detained again in 2022 after supporting teacher Li Tiantian, and sentenced in 2026 to five years over WeChat posts.
国际特赦紧急行动档案 · 人权观察2026年判刑通报Amnesty International Urgent Action file · Human Rights Watch 2026 sentencing report张凯Zhang Kai
张凯是北京律师，替一百多家被强拆十字架的浙江教会打行政官司。2015年8月25日，在与美国宗教自由大使见面的前一晚，他在温州一间教堂被带走，被以涉国家秘密为名秘密关押六个月，最后在电视上“认罪”。十年后，他替被抓的锡安教会牧师辩护，执业证被永久吊销，人被限制出境——两次被剥夺，两次都没有经过法庭审判。Zhang Kai is a Beijing lawyer who brought administrative lawsuits for more than a hundred Zhejiang churches whose crosses were being torn down. On 25 August 2015 — the night before he was to meet the U.S. Ambassador for International Religious Freedom — he was taken away from a Wenzhou church, held in secret for six months on a state-secrets suspicion, and made to 'confess' on television. Ten years later he defended the arrested pastor of Zion Church: his licence was permanently revoked and he was barred from leaving China. Twice stripped in eleven years, and never once tried in a court.
美国国务院国际宗教自由报告 · 国际特赦紧急行动US State Department Religious Freedom Reports · Amnesty Urgent Action杨华与贵阳活石教会Yang Hua & Guiyang Living Stone Church
活石教会牧师杨华因一份处置自己教会的内部文件被以泄露国家秘密罪判刑二年六个月，教会财产被拍卖，出狱多年后仍在派出所内遭殴打。Living Stone pastor Yang Hua was jailed for two and a half years for 'divulging' the government's own plan to dismantle his church; the church property was auctioned, and years after his release he was beaten inside a police station.
国际特赦良心犯档案 · 美国国务院国际宗教自由报告Amnesty prisoner-of-conscience file · US State Department religious-freedom reports扎西文色Tashi Wangchuk
藏族商人，因为在《纽约时报》纪录片里说要依法起诉政府、让孩子学藏语，被以煽动分裂国家罪判刑五年。出狱后仍遭传唤、殴打与行政拘留。A Tibetan shopkeeper sentenced to five years for "inciting separatism" after telling a New York Times documentary he would sue the government lawfully so children could learn Tibetan. Summonses, a beating and detention continued after his release.
📹 纽时纪录片 · 联合国任意拘留意见书📹 NYT documentary · UN Working Group opinion艾克拜尔·艾赛提Ekpar Asat
维吾尔科技创业者、巴格达什（Bagdax）平台创办人艾克拜尔·艾赛提，2016年参加完美国国务院国际访问者领导项目回国后即被拘押，家人四年打听不到消息；2020年1月中国驻美使馆回复美国参议员时才承认他已以「煽动民族仇恨、民族歧视」被判十五年——审判日期、法院、判决书家人至今都没见过。联合国任意拘留问题工作组第88/2022号意见认定其拘留属任意拘留；姐姐蕾汗·艾赛提——哈佛法学院首位维吾尔族毕业生——多年在国际场合为他呼吁。2025年年中家人首次在阿克苏一所监狱当面见到他，对其身心健康更加担忧；截至2026年10月无获释公开记录。Uyghur technology entrepreneur Ekpar Asat, founder of the Bagdax platform, was detained in 2016 shortly after returning from the US State Department's International Visitor Leadership Program; his family could learn nothing of him for four years. Only in January 2020, in a reply to a US senator, did the Chinese Embassy in Washington acknowledge that he had been sentenced to fifteen years for 'inciting ethnic hatred and ethnic discrimination' — his family has never seen a sentencing date, a court name or a judgment. The UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention found his detention arbitrary in Opinion 88/2022, and his sister Rayhan Asat, Harvard Law School's first Uyghur graduate, has campaigned for him internationally for years. The family first saw him in person in mid-2025, at a prison in the Aksu area, and came away more worried about his health; as of October 2026 there is no public record of his release.
联合国与美国国务院个案记录 · 家属公开呼吁档案UN and US State Department case records · Family advocacy file喇荣五明佛学院强拆Demolition of Larung Gar Buddhist Academy
2016年7月20日起四川色达喇荣五明佛学院遭强拆，数千僧尼被驱逐并被迫签"不再返回"保证书；2026年7月13日新一轮拆除开始。From Jul 20, 2016, Larung Gar in Sertar, Sichuan was demolished and thousands of monastics expelled under signed "never return" pledges; a new demolition round began Jul 13, 2026.
📹 自由西藏拆除实拍📹 Free Tibet demolition footage邵祝敏Peter Shao Zhumin
圣座任命的温州主教邵祝敏，因拒绝加入爱国会，自2016年起被以「旅游」为名反复秘密带走十余次，2017年长押七个半月，2025年因主持禧年弥撒被罚款二十万元后再次被带走，至今软禁。无审判，无定罪。Vatican-appointed Bishop Peter Shao Zhumin of Wenzhou has been secretly taken away more than a dozen times since 2016 for refusing to join the Patriotic Association — held seven and a half months in 2017–2018, and taken again in 2025 after a 200,000-yuan fine over a Jubilee Mass. Still under house arrest. Never tried, never convicted.
亚洲新闻历年记录 · 美国国际宗教自由委员会档案AsiaNews reporting record · USCIRF prisoner file王江峰Wang Jiangfeng
山东招远上访者王江峰：原蚕庄供销社主任，因旧案长期上访，在微信群、QQ群称毛泽东为「毛匪」、习近平为「习包子」等一系列言论，2016年9月被捕，一审寻衅滋事判2年，二审改判22个月；辩护律师祝圣武公开辩护词后被吊销执照。Petitioner Wang Jiangfeng of Zhaoyuan, Shandong — a former township cooperative director who had petitioned for years over an old case — was arrested in September 2016 over a series of WeChat and QQ group posts calling Mao Zedong a bandit and Xi Jinping "Xi Baozi". He received two years at first instance for picking quarrels, reduced on appeal to 22 months; his lawyer Zhu Shengwu, who published the defence, lost his licence.
Global Voices Advox报道 · 中国人权信息中心记录Global Voices Advox reporting · HRIC record牙里坤·肉孜Yalkun Rozi
维吾尔作家、教材主编，2016年10月6日被无证带走，2018年以「煽动颠覆国家政权罪」被判刑——刑期十五年与中方答复联合国的无期两说并存，判决书从未公开。联合国认定拘留任意、要求立即释放，至今未执行。Uyghur writer and textbook editor, seized without a warrant on 6 October 2016 and sentenced in 2018 for 'inciting subversion of state power' — with the term recorded as 15 years by his family and international bodies but as life imprisonment in China's own reply to the UN, and no judgment ever published. The UN has found his detention arbitrary and demanded his immediate release; the demand remains unimplemented.
联合国任意拘留问题工作组第64/2022号意见 · 国际笔会档案UN Working Group Opinion No. 64/2022 · PEN International file刘飞跃Liu Feiyue
刘飞跃是湖北随州的一名教师，2006年创办民生观察网站，把强拆户、上访者、被关进精神病院的异议人士这些官方媒体不登的名字逐个记下来，还逐年写成人权报告。2016年11月17日国保带走了他，起诉书列的罪状正是他的文章、年报、网站和办站经费。2019年他被判五年，编辑丁灵杰也被判一年八个月，主辩律师文东海在开庭前被吊销执照。联合国专家认定他的羁押是任意拘留，要求立即释放——他把五年一天不少地坐满了。Liu Feiyue was a schoolteacher in Suizhou, Hubei, who in 2006 founded Minsheng Guancha (Civil Rights & Livelihood Watch), writing down one by one the names official media would not print — the evicted, petitioners, dissidents locked in psychiatric hospitals — and compiling them into annual human rights reports. State security seized him on 17 November 2016; the indictment listed as his crimes his essays, his reports, his website and the funds that ran it. In 2019 he was sentenced to five years; his editor Ding Lingjie got twenty months, and his lead lawyer Wen Donghai was disbarred two months before the trial. UN experts found his detention arbitrary and demanded his immediate release — he served all five years to the day.
联合国任意拘留工作组第22/2018号意见 · 国际特赦档案UN WGAD Opinion No. 22/2018 · Amnesty International file江天勇Jiang Tianyong
人权律师，709后奔走营救同行，在长沙南站失踪25天后被证实秘密羁押，判刑两年。2019年刑满后被送回父母家，长期24小时监控，刑满而不自由。A rights lawyer who campaigned for detained 709 colleagues, vanished at Changsha station for 25 days into secret detention and served two years. Released in 2019 into round-the-clock surveillance at his parents' home — a sentence that never ended.
联合国专家声明 · 709律师UN experts' statement · 709 lawyer黄琦与六四天网Huang Qi & 64 Tianwang
六四天网创办人黄琦三度入狱：2003年煽动颠覆国家政权罪五年，2009年因介入汶川地震死难学生家长维权、以非法持有绝密文件罪判三年，2019年绵阳中院又以故意泄露国家秘密、为境外非法提供国家秘密罪重判十二年。第三案的导火索，只是天网刊登了一份地方政法委处置访民案件的文件。他患新月体性肾小球肾炎并已发展至肾衰竭，另有脑积水、风湿性心脏病，现于巴中监狱服刑；年近九旬的母亲蒲文清奔走四年、上访被打，才在2020年换来一次三十分钟的视频会见。Founder of the 64 Tianwang human rights website, Huang Qi has been imprisoned three times: five years for inciting subversion in 2003, three years for illegal possession of top-secret documents in 2009 after he aided parents of students killed in the Sichuan earthquake, and twelve years in 2019 for leaking and illegally providing state secrets abroad. The third case began with Tianwang posting a local political-legal committee document about one petitioner's case. Gravely ill with kidney failure, hydrocephalus and heart disease, he is held in Bazhong Prison, Sichuan; his mother Pu Wenqing, near ninety, campaigned for four years and was beaten while petitioning in Beijing before winning a single thirty-minute video visit in 2020.
国际特赦良心犯档案 · 无国界记者网络自由奖（2004）Amnesty prisoner-of-conscience file · RSF Cyber-Freedom Prize (2004)新疆再教育营Xinjiang Re-education Camps
数以百万计的维吾尔族等穆斯林被关进集中营。新疆警察文件泄露数千张被拘者照片，联合国报告确认严重侵犯人权。官方称是职业培训。Millions of Uyghurs and other Muslims detained in camps. Leaked police files and a UN report confirmed grave abuses. Beijing calls them vocational centers.
📹 BBC调查视频 · 联合国人权报告📹 BBC investigation · UN rights report曹三强Cao Sanqiang (Pastor John Cao)
北卡牧师曹三强在缅甸佤邦为贫困儿童建了16所学校，2017年在中缅边境渡口被捕，以通常用于人蛇集团的「组织他人偷越国境」罪判刑七年。USCIRF列其为宗教良心犯，联合国任意拘留工作组认定拘留任意且带宗教歧视。2024年服满获释后无身份证、无护照，回不了美国的家。North Carolina pastor John Cao built 16 schools for poor children in Myanmar's Wa State. Arrested at a China–Myanmar ferry landing in 2017, he was sentenced to seven years under a charge normally used against human traffickers. USCIRF listed him as a prisoner of conscience and the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention found his detention arbitrary and religiously discriminatory. Released in 2024 after his full term, he has no ID card and no passport — and no way home to America.
USCIRF宗教良心犯名单 · 国际特赦档案USCIRF Religious Prisoners of Conscience list · Amnesty International file李明哲Lee Ming-che
台湾NGO工作者入境中国后失踪，被以颠覆国家政权罪判刑5年。首位被大陆以此罪名判刑的台湾人，2022年刑满返台。Taiwanese NGO worker disappeared after entering China, sentenced to 5 years for subversion — the first Taiwanese convicted of it. Released in 2022.
📹 判刑报道 · 路透社/国际特赦📹 Sentencing report · Reuters/Amnesty塔什甫拉提·特依拜Tashpolat Tiyip
新疆大学校长、地理学家，2017年3月赴德途中在北京机场被扣留后强迫失踪。死缓判决仅有转述、无文书，中方否认后再无下文；关押地点与生死至今不明。Geographer and president of Xinjiang University, detained at Beijing airport in March 2017 en route to Germany and forcibly disappeared. A reported suspended death sentence rests on relayed accounts alone; China denied it in December 2019 and fell silent. His place of detention and survival remain unknown.
国际特赦紧急行动119/19 · 联合国人权专家声明Amnesty International Urgent Action 119/19 · UN human rights experts' statement高智晟失踪Gao Zhisheng Disappeared
中国最著名的维权律师，为法轮功学员辩护，多次遭酷刑。2017年在岳父家失踪，官方从未承认关押，至今下落不明。China's most famous rights lawyer disappeared from his father-in-law's home in 2017. Authorities never admitted detention. Still missing.
📹 纪念雕塑揭幕 · 国际特赦紧急呼吁📹 Memorial unveiling · Amnesty urgent action李昱函Li Yuhan
人权律师界的「老大姐」，709后为王宇辩护；2017年在沈阳被和平区公安带走，寻衅滋事加控诈骗，超期羁押六年，开庭两年后才判六年六个月，联合国早在2018年已认定其拘留属任意拘留。The 'big sister' of China's rights lawyers, who defended Wang Yu after the 709 crackdown; seized by Heping District police in Shenyang in 2017 on picking-quarrels charges with fraud added later, held for six years, and sentenced to six and a half years only two years after her trial — five years after the UN had already found her detention arbitrary.
联合国任意拘留问题工作组第62/2018号意见 · 国际特赦档案UN Working Group Opinion No. 62/2018 · Amnesty International file热依拉·达吾提Rahile Dawut
新疆大学教授、维吾尔民俗学家热依拉·达吾提，2017年12月在准备赴北京参加学术会议时失踪，2018年12月被新疆一家中级人民法院秘密审判，以分裂主义、危害国家安全罪名判处无期徒刑、终身剥夺政治权利，上诉被新疆高院驳回，关押地点与健康状况至今无公开记录。她是三百多名被拘押维吾尔知识分子与文化精英之一；女儿阿克达在海外奔走八年，代她领下学者勇气奖与笔会品特作家勇气奖，2025年联合国五位特别程序专家就其强迫失踪正式向中国政府表达严重关切。Rahile Dawut, professor at Xinjiang University and one of the most prominent Uyghur folklorists of her generation, disappeared in December 2017 as she prepared to travel to Beijing for an academic conference. Secretly tried in December 2018, she was sentenced to life imprisonment plus life deprivation of political rights on splittism charges endangering state security; her appeal was rejected, and her place of detention and state of health remain undisclosed to this day. One of more than three hundred detained Uyghur intellectuals and cultural figures, she was named the PEN Pinter International Writer of Courage in 2023, accepted by her daughter Akeda, who has campaigned abroad for eight years; in 2025 five United Nations experts formally expressed serious concern over her enforced disappearance.
对话基金会判刑确认（2023）· 联合国专家声明（2025）Dui Hua sentence confirmation (2023) · UN experts' statement (2025)安彦魁An Yankui
太原郇城归正教会传道人安彦魁，持合法护照赴吉隆坡开会，被以「偷越国（边）境」判刑一年（2022年11月3日，汾阳市法院）；其妻姚聪娅的十五日行政拘留在他开庭前一天被启动执行。出狱后他仍被反复拘留，2026年10月14日刚结束又一次十五日拘留回家。An Yankui, minister of Taiyuan’s Xuncheng Reformed Church, travelled to a Kuala Lumpur conference on a valid passport and was sentenced on 3 November 2022 by the Fenyang City Court to one year in prison for “illegally crossing the national border.” His wife Yao Congya’s deferred fifteen-day detention was activated the day before his trial. Since his release he has been detained again and again — most recently for fifteen days, returning home on 14 October 2026.
对华援助协会历年记录 · 美国国际宗教自由委员会档案ChinaAid reporting record · USCIRF file金明日与北京锡安教会Jin Mingri & Beijing Zion Church
北京锡安教会创办人金明日牧师：教会2007年创立、曾是北京最大的家庭教会之一，2018年因拒绝在聚会场所安装监控摄像头被朝阳区民政局取缔，金明日被限制出境与家人分隔八年；2025年10月，当局在全国多地同步抓捕近三十名锡安牧者同工，金明日以涉嫌「非法利用信息网络罪」被捕，2026年7月获释抵美，同案仍有八人在押。Pastor Jin Mingri (Ezra Jin), founder of Beijing Zion Church: founded in 2007 and once among Beijing's largest house churches, Zion was banned by the Chaoyang District Civil Affairs Bureau in 2018 after refusing to install surveillance cameras in its worship hall; Jin was held under an exit ban, separated from his family for eight years. In October 2025 nearly thirty Zion pastors and staff were detained nationwide; Jin was arrested on suspicion of 'illegally using information networks', released to the United States in July 2026, while eight co-workers remain in custody.
路透社取缔报道 · 2025年跨省抓捕（HRW／美国国务院）Reuters ban coverage · 2025 nationwide arrests (HRW / U.S. State Dept.)秋雨圣约教会"12·9"大抓捕Early Rain Covenant Church "12·9" Crackdown
2018年12月9日晚成都警方突袭秋雨圣约教会，100余名成员被带走；王怡牧师2019年12月30日被判刑9年，至今关押在金堂监狱。On the night of Dec 9, 2018, Chengdu police raided Early Rain Covenant Church, taking 100+ members; Pastor Wang Yi was sentenced to 9 years on Dec 30, 2019 and remains in Jintang Prison.
📹 美国之音报道📹 VOA report何韻詩Denise Ho
香港歌手在联合国人权理事会为反送中发声，两度被中国代表打断。后因《立场新闻》案被国安警察拘捕。从舞台到囚车。The Cantopop star addressed the UN Human Rights Council on Hong Kong, interrupted twice by China's delegate. Later arrested in the Stand News case.
📹 联合国发言现场 · 美联社/HKFP📹 UN speech footage · AP/HKFP牛腾宇Niu Tengyu
牛腾宇（约1999–2000年生，「恶俗维基」技术运维人员）：因习明泽信息泄露专案被定为「主犯」，寻衅滋事、侵犯公民个人信息、非法经营三罪并罚14年、罚金13万元；同案24人获刑。家属指控酷刑与构陷，母亲可可申诉至今；现于广东四会监狱服刑，刑期据报至2033年9月10日。Niu Tengyu (b. circa 1999–2000), technical administrator of Esu Wiki, was named 'ringleader' in the special case over the Xi Mingze information leak and given a combined 14-year sentence and a 130,000-yuan fine on three charges; 24 people were convicted in total. His family alleges torture and a frame-up, and his mother Coco still petitions. He is serving at Sihui Prison, Guangdong, reportedly until 10 September 2033.
CHRD酷刑指控声明 · 美国国会法案具名个案CHRD torture-allegation statement · Named in a U.S. congressional bill仁钦才让Rinchen Tsultrim
仁钦才让 · 阿坝南则寺僧人 · 因微信与网站谈藏语、文化与信仰被以煽动分裂判刑四年六个月 · 与世隔绝逾一年、家人近二十个月不知下落 · 2024年2月1日刑满秘密释放Rinchen Tsultrim · Nangshik Monastery monk, Ngaba · 4 years 6 months for inciting separatism over WeChat and website writings on Tibetan language, culture and faith · Held incommunicado over a year; family kept in the dark almost 20 months · Released in secret 1 Feb 2024 on completion of full term
联合国专家联名指控信 AL CHN 7/2021 · 国际特赦结案通报UN experts' allegation letter AL CHN 7/2021 · Amnesty International closing action许志永、丁家喜：新公民运动Xu Zhiyong & Ding Jiaxi: New Citizens Movement
厦门聚会后被捕，2023年许志永被以颠覆国家政权罪判刑14年、丁家喜12年。当代中国刑期最重的良心犯之一。Arrested after a Xiamen gathering; sentenced in 2023 to 14 and 12 years for subversion. Among the longest sentences for conscience in modern China.
📹 王局拍案 · 国际特赦/人权观察记录📹 Documentary · Amnesty/HRW records李文亮：吹哨人Li Wenliang: The Whistleblower
武汉眼科医生在微信群提醒疫情，被警方训诫造谣。一个月后他死于自己预警的病毒。全国悼念，换来的是更严的封口。The Wuhan doctor who warned about the virus was reprimanded by police for rumor-mongering, then died of the very virus he warned about.
📹 南华早报报道 · NPR调查结论📹 SCMP footage · NPR investigation疫情公民记者：陈秋实、方斌、张展COVID Citizen Journalists
封城期间他们拿起手机记录真相：陈秋实失踪、方斌被秘密判刑、张展判刑4年并狱中绝食。记录疫情的人，成了疫情的牺牲品。They filmed the truth during the Wuhan lockdown: Chen Qiushi vanished, Fang Bin secretly sentenced, Zhang Zhan got 4 years and hunger-struck in prison.
📹 当时新闻报道 · CHRD专题报告📹 2020 news footage · CHRD report陈文胜Chen Wensheng
衡阳街头传道人陈文胜，传道二十多年被抓逾百次，2021年一年被拘留六次；2023年机场拦截后被以「组织、资助非法聚集」逮捕，2024年判刑一年七个月，2025年4月2日出狱当天即与妻子重返街头传道。家属屡遭株连威胁。Hengyang street preacher Chen Wensheng has been seized more than 100 times in over twenty years of preaching — six detentions in 2021 alone. Intercepted at Shanghai airport in 2023 and arrested for “organizing and funding illegal gatherings,” he was sentenced in 2024 to one year and seven months, and returned to the streets with his wife on the day of his release, 2 April 2025. His family has repeatedly been threatened in his place.
对华援助协会历年记录 · 美国国会证词China Aid reporting record · US congressional testimony王藏Wang Zang
诗人王藏：2003年起以《小王子》为典取名写诗，2014年为声援香港雨伞运动被关九个月，2020年在楚雄以诗歌、文章与行为艺术被控煽动颠覆，2022年判刑4年；妻子王莉芹只因在网上为他呼吁，同罪被判2年6个月。Poet Wang Zang, who took his pen name from The Little Prince in 2003, was held for nine months in 2014 for supporting Hong Kong's Umbrella Movement. Detained in Chuxiong in 2020 over his poems, essays and performance art, he was sentenced in 2022 to four years for inciting subversion; his wife Wang Liqin got two and a half years for the single act of advocating for him online.
美国笔会记录 · 对华援助协会档案PEN America record · ChinaAid file许那Xu Na
北京画家许那三度因信仰被判刑：给同修提供住宿5年、持有宗教材料3年、拍疫情街景8年；丈夫于宙2008年被抓11天后死于看守所。2022年冬奥前夕宣判，同案11人合计50年。Beijing painter Xu Na has been sentenced three times for her faith — five years for housing practitioners, three years for possessing religious materials, eight years for photographing COVID-era streets. Her husband Yu Zhou died in custody in 2008, eleven days after arrest. Sentenced on the eve of the 2022 Winter Olympics; eleven defendants received fifty years in total.
美国国际宗教自由委员会名单 · 美国国会及行政当局中国委员会记录USCIRF FoRB listing · CECC record黎智英Jimmy Lai
《苹果日报》老板，国安法下被捕，报纸被迫停刊。2026年2月被判囚20年，国安法下最重刑期。香港新闻自由的墓志铭。Apple Daily founder arrested under the national security law; his paper forced to close. Sentenced to 20 years in 2026 — the harshest under the NSL.
📹 集会声援视频 · 香港监察/美联社📹 Solidarity rally · Hong Kong Watch/AP周庭Agnes Chow
学民女神，反送中代表人物。国安法下被捕判刑，出狱后被迫到深圳考察，2023年宣布流亡加拿大，被列入通缉名单。Pro-democracy icon arrested under the NSL, jailed, then exiled to Canada in 2023. Now on Hong Kong's wanted list.
📹 本人狱中自述 · 路透社/RFA📹 Her own prison account · Reuters/RFA内蒙古双语教育抗议Inner Mongolia Bilingual Education Protests
三科改汉语授课引发全区罢课抗议，当局以通缉、开除公职镇压；政策强行落地，蒙古语教育持续萎缩。Switching three subjects to Mandarin triggered region-wide class boycotts, crushed with wanted lists and firings; the policy stood and Mongolian-language education keeps shrinking.
📹 事件综述视频 · 人权观察/路透社/BBC/NPR交叉报道📹 Overview video · HRW/Reuters/BBC/NPR cross-reporting谭得志Tam Tak-chi
电台主持人「快必」谭得志，人民力量副主席，2020年9月6日被国安处拘捕，成为1997年后首名被控煽动的人；他不认罪、打足审讯，2022年3月2日被裁定7项发表煽动文字等共11项罪名成立，判监40个月，上诉至终审法院仍一致败诉——终院裁定煽动无须证明煽暴意图；另因47人案认罪判监53个月，支援者推算2027年3月获释。Radio host Tam Tak-chi, 'Fast Beat', vice-chairman of People Power, was arrested by national security police on 6 September 2020 as the first person charged with sedition since 1997. He pleaded not guilty and fought a full trial; on 2 March 2022 he was convicted on 11 counts, including seven of uttering seditious words, and jailed for 40 months. His appeals failed up to the Court of Final Appeal, which held that sedition needs no intent to incite violence. A guilty plea in the Hong Kong 47 case added 53 months; supporters project release in March 2027.
香港自由新闻报道 · 美联社记录Hong Kong Free Press reporting · AP record何方美He Fangmei
疫苗宝宝之家发起人何方美：女儿接种疫苗后瘫痪而维权，2019年撤诉获释后，2020年再被带走，一家五口强迫失踪十七个月，母亲与幼儿被关精神病医院、丈夫判五年、孩子被寄养留置；2024年以重婚加寻衅滋事判刑五年六个月，刑期至2027年1月1日。Vaccine-parents' advocate He Fangmei: prosecuted once and released when charges were withdrawn in 2020, seized again that October and disappeared with her whole family for seventeen months — held with her small children in a psychiatric hospital while her husband got five years — then sentenced in October 2024 to five years and six months for 'bigamy' and 'picking quarrels', her term running to 1 January 2027.
中国人权捍卫者网络记录 · 国际特赦组织关注CHRD record · Amnesty International果·喜饶嘉措Go Sherab Gyatso
阿坝格尔登寺僧人、写了至少九本书的藏族学者果·喜饶嘉措，去成都治肺病时被西藏国安跨省带走，与外界隔绝一年多后被拉萨中院秘密判刑十年，至今无人能探视。Go Sherab Gyatso, a Kirti Monastery monk and author of at least nine books, was seized in Chengdu — where he had gone to treat the lung disease he contracted in his first prison term — held incommunicado for over a year, and secretly sentenced in Lhasa to ten years; no visitor has ever been allowed to see him.
联合国特别程序联署关注 · 人权观察与国际特赦档案UN special procedures communications · Human Rights Watch and Amnesty files常玮平Chang Weiping
陕西宝鸡人权律师常玮平：代理健康歧视、性少数、强拆与信仰案件，2018年被停业、律所被注销，2020年1月执业证被吊销。参加2019年12月厦门聚会后两度被指定居所监视居住，自述两度遭老虎凳等酷刑；2020年10月公开讲述酷刑视频后6天再被带走。2022年凤县法院秘密开庭，2023年6月以颠覆国家政权罪判刑3年6个月；2024年7月获释后被要求迁居海口并受旅行限制，妻子陈梓鹃已携子赴美。Chang Weiping, a human rights lawyer from Baoji, Shaanxi, who took health-discrimination, sexual-minority, forced-demolition and religious-freedom cases: suspended in 2018, his firm deregistered and his licence revoked in January 2020. Held twice in RSDL after the December 2019 Xiamen gathering, he described torture on a tiger chair on both occasions; six days after posting a video about the torture in October 2020 he was seized again. Tried in secret at Feng County in 2022, he was sentenced in June 2023 to three years and six months for subversion; released in July 2024, he was ordered to live in Haikou under a travel ban, while his wife Chen Zijuan has taken their son to the United States.
CHRD酷刑问题报告 · 国际特赦紧急行动CHRD torture reporting · Amnesty International statements欧彪峰Ou Biaofeng
欧彪峰是湖南宁乡的公民活动人士，十年里在社交媒体上替被抓的律师、良心犯记录与发声。2020年11月30日，“泼墨女孩”董瑶琼发布视频说自己没有精神病、出院后仍被严密监控，他转发并协助她发出信息——三天后被株洲警方带走，先行拘十五天，期满当天换上煽动颠覆国家政权的罪名，秘密关押、秘密开庭，在看守所里闭门判了三年六个月。为董瑶琼奔走的父亲董建彪被判三年、2022年9月死在狱中；欧彪峰2024年9月16日刑满出狱。Ou Biaofeng, a citizen activist from Ningxiang, Hunan, spent a decade recording and speaking out on social media for arrested lawyers and prisoners of conscience. On 30 November 2020, 'Ink Girl' Dong Yaoqiong posted a video saying she had never been mentally ill and was still under constant surveillance since her release from a psychiatric hospital; Ou relayed it and helped her get the message out — and three days later Zhuzhou police took him away: fifteen days of administrative detention, converted on the day it expired into a charge of inciting subversion of state power, secret detention, a secret trial, and a closed-door sentence of three years and six months pronounced inside a detention center. Dong Yaoqiong's father, Dong Jianbiao, who had campaigned for her, was sentenced to three years and died in prison in September 2022. Ou served his full term and was released on 16 September 2024.
中国人权捍卫者档案 · 美国笔会自由写作名录CHRD case file · PEN America Freedom to Write Index香港47人初选案Hong Kong 47 Case
民主派初选后47人被控颠覆国家政权，45人罪成，戴耀廷判刑10年。国安法下最大规模政治检控，一国两制的葬礼。47 democrats charged with subversion after primaries; 45 convicted. The largest political prosecution under the national security law.
📹 法院现场报道 · 美联社/路透社📹 Court footage · AP/Reuters卢思位Lu Siwei
成都人权律师，为12港人案发声2021年被吊证并遭边控；2023年赴美团聚途中在老挝被捕遭遣返，2025年以偷越国境罪被判11个月，获释后患肺癌仍被禁止出境。Chengdu rights lawyer disbarred in 2021 for speaking out on the Hong Kong 12 and placed under an exit ban; arrested in Laos in 2023 while travelling to rejoin his family in the US and deported to China, sentenced in 2025 to 11 months for crossing the border, and still barred from leaving after release despite a lung-cancer diagnosis.
国际特赦紧急行动 · 联合国人权专家声明Amnesty International Urgent Action · UN human rights experts' statements郭飞雄Guo Feixiong
维权人士、作家郭飞雄（本名杨茂东）三度入狱：2007年非法经营罪五年，2015年聚众扰乱公共场所秩序等罪六年，2023年煽动颠覆国家政权罪八年。2021年赴美照顾病危妻子张青时在浦东机场被阻出境，妻子次年病逝而他被捕；现于广东四会监狱服刑，体重约四十公斤，健康危急。Rights defender and writer Guo Feixiong (legal name Yang Maodong) has been imprisoned three times: five years for illegal business operations in 2007, six years on public-order charges in 2015, and eight years for inciting subversion in 2023. Stopped at Pudong Airport in 2021 as he tried to reach his dying wife Zhang Qing — who died the next year while he was detained — he is now held in Sihui Prison, Guangdong, at roughly forty kilograms and in critical health.
联合国特别程序多次发声 · 美国国务院声明Repeated UN special-procedures statements · U.S. State Department statements张春雷Zhang Chunlei
奉献一万四千四百元，没有一个受害人报案；转发二十一篇文章，没有一篇是他写的。贵阳仁爱归正教会长老张春雷为这两组数字坐了整整五年牢，带着肝硬化回家。Offerings of 14,400 yuan, and not one victim ever complained. Twenty-one forwarded articles, and not one of them his own writing. For those two sets of numbers, Ren'ai Reformed Church elder Zhang Chunlei served a full five years — and came home with cirrhosis of the liver.
美国国际宗教自由委员会良心犯数据库 · 对华援助协会档案USCIRF prisoner-of-conscience database · ChinaAid files黄雪琴、王建兵Huang Xueqin & Wang Jianbing
独立记者黄雪琴与劳工维权人士王建兵，因为朋友间的每周聚会、在线课程和文章，被以煽动颠覆国家政权罪分别判刑五年、三年六个月。黄雪琴2026年9月18日刑满。Independent journalist Huang Xueqin and labour activist Wang Jianbing were jailed over weekly gatherings among friends, an online course and shared articles — five years and three and a half years for inciting subversion. Huang completed her term on September 18, 2026.
联合国人权高专表态 · 对话基金会记录UN rights chief statement · Dui Hua record王建兵Wang Jianbing
劳工公益人王建兵：为尘肺病工人租下二楼出租屋，在自家客厅聚起「夜航船」社群，2021年9月19日与黄雪芹同日被带走，被失联关押五个月以上，2024年以煽动颠覆罪判三年六个月，2025年3月18日获释当日被押送回甘肃。Labour organiser Wang Jianbing rented a second-floor flat for pneumoconiosis workers and gathered the 'Night Sailing Boat' community in his living room. Taken away with Huang Xueqin on 19 September 2021 and held incommunicado for over five months, he was sentenced in 2024 to three and a half years for inciting subversion, and on his release day, 18 March 2025, was escorted back to Gansu.
中国人权捍卫者网络档案 · 无国界记者记录CHRD file · Reporters Without Borders record被迫害者人物档案（按时间顺序）Persecuted Figures (Chronological)
受害者、见证者与抗争者：一个人，就是一段历史。Victims, witnesses and resisters: one person is a piece of history.
从民主墙到白纸运动，被共产党迫害的反抗者。点击进入人物传记。Resisters persecuted by the CCP, from the Democracy Wall to the White Paper movement. Click for biographies.
文革年代（1966–1976）Cultural Revolution Era (1966–1976)
刘少奇Liu Shaoqi
文革受害者Cultural Revolution victim1959年起任国家主席。1962年七千人大会上称大饥荒"三分天灾，七分人祸"，与毛泽东路线公开分歧；1966年文革爆发后被定为"党内最大的走资本主义道路的当权派"。
1968年被永远开除出党；1969年11月12日病死于开封关押地，遗体以假名秘密火化；1980年平反。
林彪Lin Biao
毛泽东接班人Mao's designated successor开国元帅，1959年起任国防部长，是毛泽东个人崇拜的主要推手之一；1969年九大党章明确其为接班人，是中共历史上唯一写入党章的接班人。
1970年庐山会议后与毛破裂；1971年9月13日乘机出逃，在蒙古温都尔汗坠毁身亡；事件真相至今争议未决。
周恩来Zhou Enlai
国务院总理Premier of the PRC1949年至1976年任国务院总理。文革中保护了一批干部和民主人士，但也签署了大量逮捕令和专案文件，对刘少奇、彭德怀等人的迫害负有体制责任。
1976年1月8日病逝；其逝世引发四五天安门事件。其文革角色的评价分歧至今并存。
华国锋Hua Guofeng
中共中央主席CCP Chairman毛泽东指定的接班人，1976年4月任国务院总理；同年10月联手叶剑英、汪东兴抓捕"四人帮"，结束十年文革。其后坚持"两个凡是"，与邓小平路线对立。
1980年辞去总理，1981年辞去党主席、军委主席，大权旁落；2008年病逝。
民主墙（1978–1979）Democracy Wall (1978–1979)
魏京生Wei Jingsheng
民主墙Democracy Wall1978年12月5日在西单民主墙张贴《第五个现代化：民主及其他》，直言"没有民主，四个现代化只是一句空话"，点名邓小平为独裁者。
1979年获刑15年；1997年流亡美国。
六四（1989）June Fourth (1989)
王丹Wang Dan
六四学生领袖June Fourth student leader1989年为北京大学学生，"高自联"常委，广场绝食四君子谈判代表之一。
1991年获刑4年，1996年获刑11年；1998年流亡美国。
王军涛Wang Juntao
八九学运1989 movement经济学家，《经济学周报》主编；1976、1978、1989三波民主运动连续参与者。
1991年以"阴谋颠覆政府罪"获刑13年；1994年流亡美国。
胡耀邦Hu Yaobang
中共中央总书记CCP General Secretary1977年起主持平反冤假错案，据官方统计约300万名干部得到平反；支持《实践是检验真理的唯一标准》，为改革开放奠定思想基础。
1987年1月被迫辞职；1989年4月15日病逝，悼念活动演变为六四抗议。
赵紫阳Zhao Ziyang
改革派Reformist leader六四前夕任中共中央总书记；1989年5月19日凌晨到天安门广场对学生说"我们已经来晚了"，反对戒严。
1989年后被软禁，无正式判决；2005年去世。
维权年代（2003–2014）Rights-Defense Era (2003–2014)
许志永Xu Zhiyong
新公民运动New Citizens Movement2003年孙志刚案后上书全国人大，推动废除收容遣送制度；创办公盟提供法律援助。
2023年以"颠覆国家政权罪"获刑14年。
董瑶琼Dong Yaoqiong
泼墨抗议Ink-splash protest2018年7月4日，29岁的董瑶琼在上海海航大厦前直播向习近平画像泼墨，高喊反对"独裁专制暴政"，数小时后被警方带走。
多次被送入精神病医院，父亲为她维权死于狱中；至今下落不明。
709大抓捕（2015）709 Crackdown (2015)
李翘楚Li Qiaochu
女权活动者Feminist activist女权与劳工权益研究者，许志永伴侣；2022年获荷兰使馆"郁金香奖"。
2024年以"煽动颠覆国家政权罪"获刑3年8个月；已出狱。
王全璋Wang Quanzhang
维权律师Rights lawyer709案中被羁押时间最长者：2015年8月失联，"指定居所监视居住"期间与外界完全隔绝近3年。
2019年以"颠覆国家政权罪"获刑4年6个月；2020年出狱。
余文生Yu Wensheng
维权律师Rights lawyer2018年发表公开信呼吁修宪、要求习近平下台，次日被带走；2020年以"煽动颠覆国家政权罪"判刑4年。
两度以"煽动颠覆国家政权罪"获刑（4年、3年）；2026年出狱。
香港（2014–2021）Hong Kong (2014–2021)
黎智英Jimmy Lai
新闻自由Press freedom佐丹奴创办人；1989年后转办媒体，1995年创办《苹果日报》，六四后每年头版纪念六四。
2025年被裁定勾结外国势力等罪名成立；2026年2月9日被判囚20年；服刑中。
陈日君Cardinal Joseph Zen
香港Hong Kong天主教香港教区荣休主教，长期支持民主运动，2014年雨伞运动期间现身金钟。
2022年因"612基金"案被捕，后获释；罚款4000港元。
桂敏海Gui Minhai
出版商Publisher香港铜锣湾书店股东，出版中共领导人"禁书"；2015年10月在泰国芭提雅失踪。
2015年在泰国失踪；2020年以"为境外非法提供情报罪"获刑10年。
李卓人Lee Cheuk-yan
劳工领袖Labor leader职工盟创始人，1995–2016年立法会议员；支联会前主席，六四烛光集会核心组织者。
2026年以"煽动颠覆国家政权罪"获刑7年；服刑中。
疫情与白纸（2020–2022）Pandemic & White Paper (2020–2022)
李文亮Li Wenliang
吹哨人Whistleblower武汉市中心医院眼科医生；2019年12月30日在同学群预警"华南海鲜市场确诊7例SARS"。
2020年2月7日去世，年仅34岁；训诫后被撤销。
张展Zhang Zhan
公民记者Citizen journalist前律师；2020年2月只身前往武汉，以手机拍摄医院、社区、殡仪馆现场，在社交媒体发布。
2020年以"寻衅滋事罪"获刑4年；2024年出狱。
陈秋实Chen Qiushi
公民记者Citizen journalist前律师、视频博主；2020年1月24日（除夕）抵达武汉，发布数十条一线视频，"我不怕死，我怕的是……"。
2020年失联；后有限公开露面，状况无法独立核实。
白纸运动四女性Four White Paper Women
白纸运动White Paper movement2022年11月27日，曹芷馨、李思琪、李元婧、翟登蕊四名20多岁女性，参加北京亮马河悼念乌鲁木齐火灾遇难者的集会后，以"寻衅滋事"罪被正式逮捕。
被羁押约四个月后取保候审，未被判刑；案件在法律上并未终结。
贵州隔离大巴惨案Guizhou Quarantine Bus Crash
疫情转运Quarantine transfer2022年9月18日凌晨，一辆载47人的隔离转运大巴从贵阳连夜开往荔波县，途中在高速公路上侧翻。
造成27人死亡、20人受伤；问责通报之后再无下文。
张恒Zhang Heng
反强拆Anti-demolition2023年4月1日，陕西西咸新区一处无合法手续的强拆中，张恒父子在自家遭暴力破门时持械反击，致强拆方一人死亡、三人受伤。
被羁押两年九个月后取保候审；十名强拆执行者被判刑，组织、指使者的责任仍无公开交代。
李克强Li Keqiang
国务院总理Premier of the PRC2013至2023年任国务院总理十年。2020年说出"中国有6亿人月收入约1000元"，随后肯定"地摊经济"又被官方媒体发文降温。
卸任7个月后，2023年10月27日在上海去世，官方称突发心脏病；民间死因猜测未获证据支持（未核实）。
陈品霖Chen Pinlin
纪录片导演Documentary filmmaker网名Plato。2023年11月26日，白纸运动一周年之际，他在海外平台发布纪录片《乌鲁木齐中路》，两天后在上海被拘留。
以"寻衅滋事罪"判刑三年半；服刑中。