中国时间轴：1921–现在China Timeline: 1921–Present
每年只列事件标题与日期，点击进入完整档案。Year index only — click through to full event files.
1921–1949：建党、苏区、整风、内战中的镇压与土改试点1921–1949: Founding, soviets, rectification, wartime repression
中国共产党成立Founding of the Chinese Communist Party
中共一大在上海、嘉兴召开，建党。First Congress in Shanghai and Jiaxing; party founded.
苏区镇压与内部清洗Purges and repression in the soviets
中央苏区时期开展肃反，AB团等内部清洗造成大量死亡。Anti-Bolshevik League and other internal purges in the Central Soviet caused mass deaths.
延安整风Yan'an Rectification
抢救运动扩大化，大批干部和知识分子被审查、关押。The 'rescue' campaign expanded; cadres and intellectuals investigated and detained.
内战中的土改试点与镇压Land reform and repression during the civil war
解放区土改伴随暴力斗争，地主、富农被批斗处决。Violent land reform in liberated areas; landlords and rich peasants denounced and executed.
1949–1976：镇反、三反五反、土改、反右、大跃进与饥荒、文革1949–1976: Suppression, campaigns, famine, Cultural Revolution
中华人民共和国成立：一党国家的形成Founding of the PRC: a one-party state
中共建立全国性一党统治，党国体制进入土地、工商业、户籍、单位、学校与家庭。The CCP established nationwide one-party rule; the party-state reached into land, industry, hukou, work units, schools and families.
镇压反革命运动Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries
大规模逮捕、处决被认定的反革命分子。Mass arrests and executions of designated 'counterrevolutionaries.'
三反五反Three-Anti and Five-Anti Campaigns
单位动员、群众检举与反复审讯进入城市社会，企业主与干部被公开定性、追缴资产或被迫自杀。Work-unit mobilization, mass denunciation and repeated interrogations; business owners and cadres publicly labeled, assets seized, some driven to suicide.
反右运动Anti-Rightist Campaign
约55万知识分子被划为右派，下放劳改。About 550,000 intellectuals labeled 'rightists' and sent to labor reform.
大跃进与大饥荒Great Leap Forward and Great Famine
人民公社、高指标与强制征粮叠加，研究估计死亡人数因方法与口径不同而有显著差异。Communes, inflated targets and forced requisition; death estimates vary widely by method.
文化大革命Cultural Revolution
红卫兵、群众专政、武斗与持续政治运动冲击学校、机关和家庭。Red Guards, mass dictatorship and armed factional fighting struck schools, institutions and families.
1976–1989：改革初期的平反与六四1976–1989: Early reform, rehabilitations, June Fourth
四五运动April Fifth Movement
清明节约200万人在天安门广场悼念周恩来并抗议“四人帮”；被定为“反革命”，1978年平反。About 2 million mourned Zhou Enlai at Tiananmen and protested the 'Gang of Four'; labeled 'counterrevolutionary', rehabilitated in 1978.
西单民主墙Xidan Democracy Wall
魏京生张贴《第五个现代化：民主及其他》，后被捕判刑。Wei Jingsheng posted 'The Fifth Modernization'; arrested and sentenced.
六四事件June Fourth, 1989
北京市民、学生、工人抗议，6月3日夜至4日凌晨戒严部队进城镇压。Beijing citizens, students and workers protested; martial-law troops moved in on the night of June 3–4.
1989–2012：六四后续、法轮功、上访、维权1989–2012: Aftermath, Falun Gong, petitioners, rights defense
法轮功镇压Suppression of Falun Gong
大规模拘押、劳教、酷刑与强制转化受到记录。Mass detention, re-education through labor, torture and forced 'transformation' documented.
许志永与新公民运动Xu Zhiyong and the New Citizens Movement
许志永推动废除收容遣送，后发起新公民运动；2023年以“颠覆国家政权罪”获刑14年。Xu campaigned against custody-and-repatriation, then launched the New Citizens Movement; sentenced to 14 years for 'subversion' in 2023.
“709”维权律师大抓捕'709' Crackdown on rights lawyers
至少286名律师、律所人员、人权捍卫者与家属被拘留、带走、约谈或传唤。At least 286 lawyers, staff, defenders and family members detained, taken away or summoned.
2012–现在：新疆、香港、疫情、白纸、律师与记者2012–present: Xinjiang, Hong Kong, pandemic, White Paper
新疆再教育营与强制政策Xinjiang: camps and coercive policies
公开研究与联合国评估记录大规模拘押、监控、强制劳动与生育干预。Research and UN assessments document mass detention, surveillance, forced labor and birth interventions.
香港反修例运动与国安法Hong Kong: protests and National Security Law
2019年抗议发展为全港运动；国安法实施后大规模起诉、媒体停刊、公民团体解散。2019 protests grew citywide; after the NSL came mass prosecutions, media closures, groups disbanded.
李文亮：提醒同行后被训诫Li Wenliang: reprimanded for warning colleagues
武汉眼科医生李文亮提醒同学注意类似SARS病例，被警方训诫；2020年2月7日去世，年仅34岁。Wuhan doctor warned classmates of SARS-like cases, was reprimanded; died Feb 7, 2020, aged 34.
新冠封城与动态清零COVID lockdowns and 'dynamic zero'
武汉封城、集中隔离、健康码；张展等公民记者记录现场后被拘押判刑。Wuhan lockdown, centralized quarantine, health codes; citizen journalists detained after documenting conditions.
黎智英与《苹果日报》Jimmy Lai and Apple Daily
黎智英2020年依香港国安法被捕，《苹果日报》2021年停刊。Lai arrested under the Hong Kong NSL in 2020; Apple Daily closed in 2021.
四通桥事件Sitong Bridge protest
彭立发在北京四通桥悬挂横幅后被捕。Peng Lifa hung banners on Beijing's Sitong Bridge; arrested.
白纸运动White Paper Movement
南京传媒学院学生举白纸悼念乌鲁木齐火灾遇难者，多地市民学生跟进。Students held blank paper mourning Ürümqi fire victims; citizens followed in many cities.